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Sample translations submitted: 1
Spanish to English: Historia de un paro que no cesa Detailed field: Economics
Source text - Spanish Historia de un paro que no cesa
El modelo productivo español genera grandes tensiones en el empleo. Desde 1980 ni siquiera en los mejores momentos económicos el desempleo ha bajado de dos millones de personas
No existe otra época mejor. Un tiempo en que el paro no encabezase la lista de las principales preocupaciones de los españoles. En 1975 la tasa de desempleo apenas si afectaba al 4% de la población activa, una situación que no se ha vuelto a repetir ni en los mejores momentos económicos del país. Ni siquiera cuando España se situó como octava potencia mundial justo antes de la última gran crisis. Eso sí, entonces las condiciones laborales eran muy malas y los salarios, bajísimos, recuerda Sara de la Rica, catedrática de Economía de la Universidad del País Vasco.
Se venía de una etapa del franquismo de fuerte crecimiento económico, el llamado desarrollismo, durante el cual el país se había industrializado y se habían generado muchos puestos de trabajo, explica Agustín del Valle, profesor de Economía de la Escuela de Organización Industrial (EOI). “La población activa era escasa porque todavía no se había incorporado la mujer al mercado laboral y, sobre todo, porque se había enviado a un gran contingente de trabajadores a Alemania, Suiza y Francia”, continúa. Hasta 1973, cuando estalló la primera crisis del petróleo, más de dos millones de españoles emigraron a estos países, según el historiador Juan B. Vilar.
Entonces la legislación laboral era tan represiva como protectora, exponen los profesores Maluquer y Llonch en Estadísticas Históricas de España, de la Fundación BBVA, que la tildan de “autoritaria, intervencionista y ajena a cualquier criterio de racionalidad económica”. “El régimen compensaba la falta de libertad sindical”, continúan, con la estabilidad en el empleo, que conllevaba unos altos costes del despido.
Como consecuencia de la crisis del petróleo que se vivía en aquellos días los conflictos laborales se dispararon y estas presiones sociales sirvieron para que se definiera el modelo de relaciones laborales de la democracia. “Los años transcurridos entre 1975 y 1985 fueron muy importantes para la realidad laboral española. Se aprobaron la Ley de Relaciones Laborales, con la que se regularon los contratos de trabajo y la negociación colectiva; la Ley Sindical, por la que aparecían los sindicatos libres y se regulaba el derecho a la huelga, y los Pactos de la Moncloa, a partir de los cuales los salarios comenzaron a subir en función de la inflación esperada en lugar de conforme a la inflación pasada, algo que revolucionó el sistema”, sostiene Sandalio Gómez, profesor emérito de IESE Business School, y que fueron los que dieron lugar al Estatuto de los Trabajadores, de 1980, el marco legal de referencia hasta nuestros días.
Translation - English A Tale of Unending Unemployment
The Spanish production model creates large tensions in employment. Since 1980, even in the best of economic times, the unemployment rate has not fallen below two million people
There has never been a better time, a time when unemployment was not the number one concern of the Spanish people. In 1975 the unemployment rate affected a mere 4% of the workforce, a figure that has not since been repeated even in the best of economic times in Spain, not even when the country was ranked as the eighth world power prior to the last major economic crisis. Of course, as Professor of Economics at the University of the Basque Country Sara de la Rica recalls, back then working conditions were very poor and wages were very low.
This came from a stage of strong economic growth during the Francoist period of so-called “developmentalism”, during which the country had been industrialized and many jobs were created, explains Agustín del Valle, Professor of Economics at the EOI School for Industrial Organisation. He elaborates that the labour force was scarce because it still had not incorporated women into the labour market and, above all, because it had sent a large contingent of workers to Germany, Switzerland and France. According to historian Juan B. Vilar up until 1973, when the first oil crisis erupted, more than two million Spaniards immigrated to these countries.
Back then, labour legislation was as repressive as it was protective, professors Maluquer and Llonch reveal in Historical Statistics of Spain, from the BBVA Foundation. They brand this legislation as "authoritarian, interventionist and unrelated to any criteria of economic rationality". They go on to say that the regime compensated for the lack of freedom of trade unions with stability in employment, which brought about high costs of dismissal.
Labour disputes were triggered as a result of the oil crisis in the 1970’s and social pressures served to define the model of labour relations of the democracy. According to Sandalio Gómez, former professor of IESE Business School, "the years between 1975 and 1985 were very important to the Spanish labour situation. The Labour Relations Law was passed, which regulated employment contracts and collective bargaining; the Trade Union Act recovered the freedom of trade unions and regulated the right to strike, and the Moncloa Pact from which wages began to rise in accordance with expected inflation, rather than with past inflation, which revolutionised the system". These gave rise to the Statute of Workers, 1980, the legal framework of reference to this day.
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Master's degree - Dublin City University
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Years of experience: 8. Registered at ProZ.com: Mar 2016.
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I am currently available for part-time freelance translation work.I presently work as a Senior Quality Coordinator for Welocalize remotely in Italy. Prior to this I worked as a Language Coordinator/Language Specialist for United Language Group, a Data Analyst for GlobeTech, and completed a 6-week unpaid translation training placement in the European Commission's Directorate-General for Translation in Brussels, Belgium.
In May 2020, I completed a part-time Diploma in Youth and Community Work through University
College Cork, and earned a SHEP Certificate in Personal Development in Limerick. In September
2016 I completed my studies at Dublin City University for a MA in Translation Studies, specialising
in Spanish to English translation. I am proficient and confident in spoken and written Spanish, and
have sound knowledge of French. I also have beginner knowledge of Italian.
My undergraduate degree in Applied Languages, with Spanish, Irish and Marketing as my
electives, offered me the opportunity to gain twelve months’ valuable work and study experience
in Spain; seven months working as a secretary in Spark Spanish, a language school in Cádiz and
five months studying on an Erasmus Programme in la Universidad de Salamanca.
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