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Off topic: 泰晤士(TIMES)四合院儿
Thread poster: QHE
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Silk Road Sep 12, 2015


In 1877 the term “Seidenstraße” (Die Seidenstrassen, literally “Silk Road”) was coined by Ferdinand von Richthofen, who made seven expeditions to China from 1868 to 1872. wiki

Will poor translation mislead China's Silk Road initiative?
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-06/30/c_134369189.htm

| 2015-06-30 16:36:25 | Editor: huaxia

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) -- China's initiative of yi-dai-yi-lu is winning international recognition, but the country's translators remain divided on the English naming of the program that promotes trade and economic cooperation between China and the world.

Currently, official English media of China all use "Belt and Road" for its English translation. Previously, the terminology, an abbreviation of the Chinese for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, was translated into "One Belt, One Road."

However, the two versions, roughly word-for-word translations and with little difference, have been criticized as making no sense for foreigners, as the translations tell nothing without further explanations about what the "belt" and the "road" mean.

Some critics ridicule that the two translations might mislead the audience as the word "belt" possibly projects an image of a waist belt in their mind.

Critics believe poor translations, which will leave foreigners confused, might offset the country's efforts in pushing forward the ambitious initiative of the world's second largest economy.

They have applauded a version used by Fu Ying, chairperson of the national legislature's foreign affairs committee and former vice foreign minister.

In a speech to Chicago University students in May, Fu used "land and maritime Silk Road programs" to refer to yi-dai-yi-lu, instead of the widely-used "One Belt, One Road" or "Belt and Road".

Critics say Fu's version reflects the essence of the initiative and the foreign audience are able to catch what it means upon hearing it, as the Silk Road is a widely acknowledged symbol or image in cultural communication and trade between China and the world.

The other two alternatives, "One Belt, One Road" and "Belt and Road," require much more head work of the audience, critics say.

However, Fu's version is not without doubt. Some critics contend that as a terminology, Fu's version costs more words. In addition, the word "road" does not collocate with "maritime" and such a collocation shapes a ridiculous image, critics say.

Actually the collocation problem also appears in the translation for the full name of "One Road," hai-shang-si-chou-zhi-lu, which has been translated into Maritime (hai-shang) Silk Road (si-chou-zhi-lu).

Unlike its rough English equivalent "road," the Chinese character lu can mean both land and maritime routes, depending on its collocations. While lu usually refers to a land route when used separately, its meaning does have another alternative when collocated with "maritime."

Another bolder suggestion: New Silk Road. However, some critics worry that this name could be confused with the United States' New Silk Road strategy in central and west Asia.

As an old Chinese saying goes, in the competition of kungfu, or martial arts, the champion's position is unambiguously recognized, while in the literary circle, which translators belong to, there's no uncontroversial best at all.


因为与读到的英文没对上号,我原以为 “一带一路沿线国家” 指的是一衣带水的邻国呢,幸好 Steve 指出来

看到上面引述的文章后,才觉得我的 “错觉” 多少有情可原, 也同意文章中对英译 "Belt and Road" 的观点;不过,这个译法好像已经是板上钉钉了。我想的版本: “Ribbon and Route” 。

我个人觉得 "The New Silk Road" or "Modern-day Silk Road" 的译法都不错,因为 “丝绸之路” 已经广为世界所知,所以一目了然。我想称之为 “The Silk Road Renaissance”。

[Edited at 2015-09-12 02:52 GMT]


 
wherestip
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Economic new frontier Sep 12, 2015

QHE wrote:



In 1877 the term “Seidenstraße” (Die Seidenstrassen, literally “Silk Road”) was coined by Ferdinand von Richthofen, who made seven expeditions to China from 1868 to 1872. wiki


QHE,

Thanks for picking up the conversation in this thread. Indeed it's an interesting topic unto itself. I hadn't heard of the belt and road initiatives until I saw the Chinese phrase "一带一路" a few days ago. Goes to show how uninformed I am!   But it seems like many China watchers and experts have long been entrenched in the issues of this development.



http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2015/03/28/china-lays-out-path-to-one-belt-one-road/

China Lays Out Path to Silk Road
by Charles Hutzler

Ever since President Xi Jinping gave speeches on regional development in 2013, China has heralded plans to lay networks of infrastructure to better connect its economy with the rest of Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Europe.

The plans for roads, railways, ports and other related projects are a modern version of the Silk Road–the trade routes that carried goods to and from China for centuries.

One plan centered on the Asian land mass is called the Silk Road Economic Belt; the other looks to the South China Sea, the South Pacific and Indian Ocean and is known as the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Together, they go by “one belt, one road” to Chinese officialdom.

Chinese officials on Saturday fleshed out some details for “one belt, one road,” releasing an action plan. Though the plan released by China’s economic planning agency and the commerce and foreign affairs ministries, didn’t commit to specific projects, it outlined some priorities:
...





http://thediplomat.com/2015/07/the-belt-and-road-chinas-economic-lifeline/

The Belt and Road: China's Economic Lifeline?
shannon-tiezzi
By Shannon Tiezzi
July 14, 2015

China’s Belt and Road initiatives – the Silk Road Economic Belt and Maritime Silk Road – have been discussed largely in terms of the geopolitical implications. What does it mean for China to be increasing its presence and economic clout in regions from Central Asia to the Indian Ocean, the Middle East, and even Europe?
...



 
wherestip
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Strategic Vision Sep 12, 2015



http://thediplomat.com/2015/07/the-belt-and-road-chinas-economic-lifeline/

The Belt and Road: China's Economic Lifeline?
shannon-tiezzi
By Shannon Tiezzi
July 14, 2015

...

Xinhua concludes that with the “new normal” for China’s economy, the county’s central and western regions will become the “new engine” for economic growth, thanks to the Belt and Road strategy. As proof of this largely inward focus (at least at the current stage), Xinhua maintained its optimism for the Belt and Road despite noting (in passing) that China’s foreign trade for the first six months of 2015 actually dropped 6.9 percent year-on-year, to $1.89 trillion.

As Jiayi Zhou, Karl Halling, and Guoyi Han pointed out in a recent article for The Diplomat, the Belt and Road strategy was initially dreamed up not as a foreign policy initiative, but as a way to prop up China’s flagging economy, creating demand for Chinese exports (and lessening the overcapacity issues that have plagued China’s economy since the government investments that followed the financial crisis in 2008). The authors express concern that this strategy may effectively delay China’s needed economic transformations, by providing an artificial lifeline for the old development model of government investments in manufacturing and infrastructure.

However, Xinhua notes that the future development in China’s west and central regions will not follow old patterns, but rather attempt to leapfrog them by aiming at the higher standards of the “Made in China 2025” plan. This vision seeks to have China morph from the “world’s factory” to an actual “world manufacturing power,” complete with innovative products and manufacturing processes. Xinhua sees this plan’s impact in an increased emphasis on efficiency and technology in new factories in China’s west. The new development also aims at a move up the value chain, something China’s leaders had emphasized as well in their development goals. The Belt and Road will “push China to transform from low-end commodity exports to high-end commodity exports, capital, and technological exports,” Bank of China International CEO Li Tong told Xinhua.

The Belt and Road, then, has just as much (if not more) to do with China’s domestic economic goals as it does with grand geopolitical visions. Its simultaneously a means for developing China’s inland regions, even while ensuring their growth is efficient and technologically focused, giving China a boost in its bid to move up the global value chain. Whether these goals can actually be accomplished is another story entirely — even Xinhua notes that transformation is a difficult prospect.



显然这样做同时又可逐渐改变国内东岸与内地贫富差别悬殊的现象,与七十年代的三线建设可说是一脉相承的。 


[Edited at 2015-09-13 12:50 GMT]


 
pkchan
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丝绸之路 Sep 12, 2015

《唐韻》絲路花雨
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyhoU1LDrRQ

2015央视春晚舞蹈《丝路霓裳》Silk Road Dance by 中国东方演艺集团 高清
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lHATojESVc

... See more
《唐韻》絲路花雨
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyhoU1LDrRQ

2015央视春晚舞蹈《丝路霓裳》Silk Road Dance by 中国东方演艺集团 高清
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lHATojESVc

丝路花雨(古典舞女子群舞)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCTckWae_sA

喜多郎 (シルクロード) 絲綢之路
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oU7JWTtJaL4

Kitaro - Silk Road (live)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gXZPaIl6us

1983无线电视纪录片集 [丝绸之路] 配乐 10. 同途万里人 演奏:NHK管弦乐团
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLTeN1iEujM
Collapse


 
wherestip
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Intercommunication between East and West Sep 12, 2015





http://www.unesco.org/archives/multimedia/?s=films_details&pg=33&id=158

Sommaire/Contexte historique

Human beings have always moved from place to place and traded with their neighbours. Thus, through the ages, the immensity of Eurasia was criss-crossed with communication routes which gradually linked up to form what are known today as the Silk Roads. Maritime Routes or Spice Routes, linking East and West by sea were also developed.

These vast networks carried more than just merchandise and precious commodities: the constant movement and mixing of populations also brought about the transmission of knowledge, ideas, cultures and beliefs, which had a profound impact on the history and civilization of the Eurasian peoples. Many travellers ventured on to the Silk Roads drawn by the attractions of trade, adventure and also knowledge and, in the nineteenth century, by new archaeological discoveries.

Nevertheless, these ancient roads, used for thousands of years and considered to have been 'opened up' by the Chinese General Zhang Qian in the second century BC, had no particular name. 'Silk Road' is a relatively recent designation dating from the mid-nineteenth century when the German geologist, Baron Ferdinand von Richthofen, named the trade and communication network Die Seidenstrasse (the Silk Road). The term, also used in the plural, has remained to stir our imagination with its evocative mystery.





http://www.baike.com/wiki/张骞通西域


张骞通西域


张骞通西域:汉武帝建元元年(前140),武帝欲联合大月氏共击匈奴,张骞应募任使者,于建元二年出陇西,经匈奴,被俘。后逃脱,西行至大宛,经康居,抵达大月氏,再至大夏,停留了一年多才返回。在归途中,张骞改从南道,依傍南山,企图避免被匈奴发现,但仍为匈奴所得,又被拘留一年多。元朔三年(前126),匈奴内乱,张骞乘机逃回汉朝,向汉武帝详细报告了西域情况,武帝授以太中大夫。因张骞在西域有威信,后来汉所遣使者多称博望侯以取信于诸国。张骞对开辟从中国通往西域的丝绸之路有卓越贡献,至今举世称道。





https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Polo


Marco Polo (i/ˈmɑrkoʊ ˈpoʊloʊ/; Italian pronunciation: [ˈmarko ˈpɔːlo]; September 15, 1254 – January 8–9, 1324)[1] was an Italian merchant traveller[2][3] whose travels are recorded in Livres des merveilles du monde (Book of the Marvels of the World, also known as The Travels of Marco Polo, c. 1300), a book that introduced Europeans to Central Asia and China.

He learned the mercantile trade from his father and uncle, Niccolò and Maffeo, who travelled through Asia, and met Kublai Khan. In 1269, they returned to Venice to meet Marco for the first time. The three of them embarked on an epic journey to Asia, returning after 24 years to find Venice at war with Genoa; Marco was imprisoned and dictated his stories to a cellmate. He was released in 1299, became a wealthy merchant, married, and had three children. He died in 1324 and was buried in the church of San Lorenzo in Venice.

Marco Polo was not the first European to reach China (see Europeans in Medieval China), but he was the first to leave a detailed chronicle of his experience. This book inspired Christopher Columbus[4] and many other travellers. There is a substantial literature based on Polo's writings; he also influenced European cartography, leading to the introduction of the Fra Mauro map.





 
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Horgos, China 霍尔果斯 Sep 12, 2015



http://baike.baidu.com/view/95914.htm

霍尔果斯口岸

2014年6月26日,国务院正式批准同意新疆维吾尔自治区设立县级霍尔果斯市,由伊犁哈萨克自治州管辖。霍尔果斯市地处欧亚经济板块的中心位置、国道312线(上海-霍尔果斯口岸)最西端,陇海-兰新铁路国际新通道最西端,距自治区首府乌鲁木齐市670公里,伊犁州首府伊宁市90公里,距哈萨克斯坦原首都阿拉木图市378公里。是中国西部距离中亚中心城市运距最短,综合运量最大的国家一类公路口岸。





http://www.wsj.com/video/chinas-strategic-new-border-city-horgos-/915461E3-4FFA-41C4-9C2A-DBC9923DEDD9.html

Workers pack up garlic for export in Horgos, China, a newly established city on the border with Kazakhstan. For years trade here was negligible because of border tensions with the former Soviet Union and poor transportation links. But that’s changing.
Horgos used to be a small town with a very low profile. Now it's changed to a city. It’s reputation will grow much bigger, and the border crossing will get better.
Beijing plans to transform this remote outpost into an international railway, energy, and logistics hub between China, Central Asia and Europe. Analysts say it’s just one part of President Xi Jinping's efforts to tie surrounding regions more closely to China through investment in pipelines, roads, railways, and ports. He says that will bring growth and security to neighboring countries. But his plan has raised concerns among some Western and Asian leaders wary of China's growing economic and military clout. It’ll be the backdrop for an upcoming summit in Beijing that includes U. S. President Barack Obama. The scale of China's ambitions is apparent in Horgos, where newly-built infrastructure includes a pipeline bringing gas from Turkmenistan, a cross-border railway link, a new Chinese expressway, and a free trade zone spanning the border. On the Kazakh side of the trade zone, a cluster of vendors sell to Chinese customers.
In general, they come to our shop to buy honey, biscuits, bread, and meat products. Whatever we have in our shop are the things they like.
Progress on the Kazakh side of the free trade zone has been slow. But Kazakh officials say they plan to start building malls next year, and to complete an expressway to the border in 2015. The Chinese side already boasts five wholesale markets for Kazakh traders, part of a $3.25 billion investment, local officials say. Since President Xi unveiled plans for a so-called Silk Road Economic Belt with Horgos as the main Chinese land port, traders here have been scaling up their operations. Chinese fruit and vegetable trader Zhang Jian plans to expand his business in the coming years to trade his goods through Kazakhstan all the way into Europe.
The outlook’s very good. Our volume will get bigger and bigger, and we’ll have more and more customers.


 
wherestip
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From the WSJ Sep 13, 2015



 
wherestip
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Natural Gas Pipeline Sep 13, 2015

http://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/FlowofnaturalgasfromCentralAsia/FlowofnaturalgasfromCentralAsia2.shtml





China Daily


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njmqplxDoxA


 
wherestip
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Horgos Sep 13, 2015

Found this clip on YouTube ...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpK76tDFqfM

... place looks pretty good already in 2010.


 
QHE
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系列学习 Sep 13, 2015


wherestip wrote: Economic new frontier

http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2015/03/28/china-lays-out-path-to-one-belt-one-road/
China Lays Out Path to Silk Road



wherestip wrote: Strategic Vision

http://thediplomat.com/2015/07/the-belt-and-road-chinas-economic-lifeline/
The Belt and Road: China's Economic Lifeline?

显然这样做同时又可逐渐改变国内东岸与内地贫富差别悬殊的现象,与七十年代的三线建设可说是一脉相承的。



wherestip wrote: Intercommunication between East and West

http://www.unesco.org/archives/multimedia/?s=films_details&pg=33&id=158
Sommaire/Contexte historique

http://www.baike.com/wiki/张骞通西域
张骞通西域




谢谢 Steve 分享的资料,从中又了解了不少知识 。

"霍尔果斯" 和 "国道" 是第一次听到 ; 虽然以前也听到看到过 “三线建设”,但是现在才明白,原来许多重要的基础设施是 “三线建设” 结果,非常了不起。

BTW, 从 wsj 的视频上看,在 Horgos 公路上居然能骑车带人; 羊群小毛驴们也有自己的慢速公路。


[Edited at 2015-09-13 14:59 GMT]

 
QHE
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感谢 pkchan 先生精选的丝路之韻 Sep 13, 2015


pkchan wrote: 丝绸之路

《唐韻》絲路花雨
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyhoU1LDrRQ


2015央视春晚舞蹈《丝路霓裳》Silk Road Dance by 中国东方演艺集团 高清
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lHATojESVc


丝路花雨(古典舞女子群舞)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCTckWae_sA


喜多郎 (シルクロード) 絲綢之路
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oU7JWTtJaL4


Kitaro - Silk Road (live)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gXZPaIl6us


1983无线电视纪录片集 [丝绸之路] 配乐 10. 同途万里人 演奏:NHK管弦乐团
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLTeN1iEujM


 
wherestip
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"... 啊, ... 啊, ... 啊, ... " Sep 13, 2015

wherestip wrote:

Found this clip on YouTube ...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpK76tDFqfM




讲话“啊”个不停 - 是不是一种语病? 跟哄小孩儿似的。  

Come to think of it, I've noticed that some folks in the Chinese media have this trendy yet annoying habit of speech also. It reminds me of "y'know" and "vocal fry".


[Edited at 2015-09-14 02:17 GMT]


 
wherestip
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既定政策 Sep 13, 2015

QHE wrote:


"霍尔果斯" 和 "国道" 是第一次听到 ; 虽然以前也听到看到过 “三线建设”,但是现在才明白,原来许多重要的基础设施是 “三线建设” 结果,非常了不起。



QHE,

我觉得 六、七十年代的三线建设主要目的是备战。 那时中苏关系比较紧张,69 年又发生了边界冲突(珍宝岛事件)。 针对当时的国内、国际形势,毛主席 作出了 "深挖洞、广积粮、不称霸","备战、备荒、为人民" 等指示。三线建设似乎就是这些方针政策的具体落实。

三线建设将许多重要的工厂企业、科技院校、研究机构等 由东部的大城市转移或分迁(并疏散)到内地人口比较稀少的地区,对内地经济建设确实起到了重大的推动作用。



https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/三线建设

三线建设是一场从1964年开始,中华人民共和国政府在中国内地省份进行的一场以备战备荒为目的的大规模国防、科技、工业,电力和交通基本设施建设。三线地区是一个军事地理概念,包括中国中西部地区的13个省、自治区。其核心地区在中国西北地区(包括现在的陕西、甘肃、宁夏和青海)和中国西南地区(包括现在的四川、重庆、云南、贵州)。其开始的背景是越南战争的升级和美国在中国东南沿海的军事攻势,以及中苏交恶和两国间的小规模武装冲突。

三线建设是一场出于国防军事背景的区域工业化过程,其规模远超于国民党政府在八年抗战时期(1937-1945)的沿海工业内迁以及之后的西部大开发(始于2001年)。在1964至1980年,国家在三线地区所在的13个省和自治区的中西部地区投入了2052.6亿元,占同期全国基础建设总投资的39.01%。几百万工人、干部、知识分子、军人和上千万人次的民工建设者,在“备战备荒为人民”、“好人好马上三线”口号的号召下,建起了1100多个大中型工矿企业,基础设施,科研单位和大专院校。三线建设改变了中国西南和西北地区工业经济落后的面貌,建设了成昆铁路,攀枝花钢铁基地,中国二汽等重点项目,将绵阳、德阳、贵阳等地从小城市甚至乡镇建设成为具有大量现代制造业和科研机构的城市。然而,出于备战需要,三线时期的工厂和基础设施建设遵循“分散,隐蔽,靠山”的指导原则。很多三线企业坐落在交通不便,远离原材料以及相关上下游企业的地方。由于计划仓促,很多三线项目“边设计,边施工,边生产”,导致了巨大的浪费。70年代中期以后,国家对三线地区的投入逐渐减少。80年代以后,大量三线企业倒闭关停,部分企业则成功转型,继续成为当地的工业支柱。
...


评价与历史意义
...
另一方面,三线建设有效的缩小了东西差距。1963年,西部云、贵、川、陕、甘、宁、青七省的工业总产值占全中国的10.5%,到1978年上升到全国的13.26%。三線建設改變了很多落後地區的面貌,許多交通不便甚至與世隔絕的地區通過大三線建設得以與外界聯繫了起來,開始步入工業化時代。三线建设提高了西部主要城市如西安、兰州、重庆、成都、贵阳等的竞争力。四川绵阳、攀枝花,湖北十堰等地从农业占主导到建立现代化工业,更是直接得益于三线建设。搞三线不单是军工,军工也要配套,像钢铁厂,机械厂,配套的企业也要搬进去。当时参加三线很光荣,所以最好的设备,好多重点企业都搬到西部,搬到四川贵州,形成新的工业布局。三线建设在改革开放,国家政策再次向东部沿海倾斜之际,对内地地区的经济发展起到了带动促进作用。三線建設對與促進西南少數民族地區與內地的交流,和少數民族地區的發展,具有積極意義。三線建設集中于军工业和重工业,有力促進了中國的軍事工業和重工業的發展,也保護了國家的安全。三线时期積累的物资和工業設施基礎設施,也为后来的西部大开发打下一定基础。三线的搬迁加快了西部的发展。



~*~*~*~*


"霍尔果斯" 和 "国道" 我也是头一次听到,所以以上许多东西俺都是现买现卖。     However, I found the info indeed to be fascinating.


[Edited at 2015-09-14 03:01 GMT]


 
wherestip
wherestip  Identity Verified
United States
Local time: 22:10
Chinese to English
+ ...
"备战、备荒、为人民" Sep 13, 2015

看看历史背景也挺有意思的。 当时很多东西咱们老百姓也都是知其然,不知其所以然。 

http://baike.baidu.com/view/67171.htm


 
ysun
ysun  Identity Verified
United States
Local time: 22:10
English to Chinese
+ ...
舞剧《丝路花雨》 Sep 14, 2015

舞剧《丝路花雨》甘肃省歌舞团 贺燕云主演1979年版
http://www.56.com/w78/play_album-aid-12743710_vid-MTI4NjM1NjAx.html

舞剧《丝路花雨》是甘肃省歌舞团于1979年首创的。当时根本就无所谓什么版权,所以中国煤矿文工团等其他歌舞团也相继翻版演出,后来西安电影制片厂还将其拍�
... See more
舞剧《丝路花雨》甘肃省歌舞团 贺燕云主演1979年版
http://www.56.com/w78/play_album-aid-12743710_vid-MTI4NjM1NjAx.html

舞剧《丝路花雨》是甘肃省歌舞团于1979年首创的。当时根本就无所谓什么版权,所以中国煤矿文工团等其他歌舞团也相继翻版演出,后来西安电影制片厂还将其拍成电影。不过看电影的效果比在剧院观看演出要差得多。当时我正在兰州工作,有幸多次在剧院观看甘肃省歌舞团的精彩演出。

丝路花雨 (中国1979年编创经典舞剧)
http://baike.baidu.com/subview/273544/17219845.htm
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